ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:my-IPA
- The following documentation is located at ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:my-IPA/documentation. [edit]
- Useful links: subpage list • links • redirects • transclusions • errors (parser/module) • sandbox
Burmese pronunciation and romanisation template, relying on Module:my-pron. This generates the IPA pronunciation and romanisation of Burmese in four systems. See Wiktionary:Burmese transliteration for an introduction to Burmese spelling and romanisations.
Parameters
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA|respelling 1|respelling 2|...}}
- Optional: For phonologically irregular words, parameters 1 – ∞ can be used to specify “phonetic respellings” from which IPA and romanisations can be accurately inferred. These respellings can be minor (using tricks to supplement the orthography, see below) or major (using complete phonetic respellings, also see below).
- Minor respellings are preferred over major respellings, when they are feasible.
- Of the four romanisation schemes, two are based on orthography (MLCTS and ALA-LC), and two are based on pronunciation (BGN-PCGN and Okell). Thus, the phonetic respellings will only affect the romanisations generated for the pronunciation-based romanisation schemes, not the orthography-based ones. i.e. if there are two specified respellings for word A, there will be one romanisation in each of the orthography-based schemes, and two romanisations in each of the pronunciation-based schemes.
- An additional
|word=
parameter is used to indicate the spelling, from which the orthography-based romanisations (MLCTS and ALA-LC) can be inferred. It should be cautiously used in the main namespace; it may be useful in cases where spaces in the romanisation are desired, or where the spelling does not conform to usual Burmese orthography rules.
Minor respelling tricks
မႄးထတ်း'
: the previous syllable is a minor syllable.+
: there is voicing of the following syllable.-
: the following ဘ (bha.) is pronounced /pʰ/.*
: the following consonant is pronounced as it is spelled, i.e. /ɹ/ for ရ, /lj/ for လျ and /l̥j/ for လျှ, instead of /j/, /j/ and /ʃ/, respectively.
If a word requires major respelling
မႄးထတ်းThe respelling can be in either the Burmese or the Latin (ASCII) script. The tables below demonstrate the possible initials and finals of a Burmese syllable, and the correspondences between the two respelling systems and the IPA pronunciation. This Burmese picker tool can be helpful for generating a Burmese-script respelling.
Initials
မႄးထတ်းBilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | Placeless | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | /m̥/ မှ hm /m/ မ m |
/n̥/ နှ hn /n/ န n |
/ɲ̊/ ညှ hny /ɲ/ ည ny |
/ŋ̊/ ငှ hng /ŋ/ င ng |
|||
Stop/Affricate | /p/ ပ p /pʰ/ ဖ hp /b/ ဗ b |
/t/ တ t /tʰ/ ထ ht /d/ ဒ d |
/t͡ɕ/ ကျ c /t͡ɕʰ/ ချ hc /d͡ʑ/ ဂျ j |
/k/ က k /kʰ/ ခ hk /ɡ/ ဂ g |
/ʔ/ အ | ||
Fricative | /θ/ သ th /ð/ +သ +th |
/s/ စ s /sʰ/ ဆ hs /z/ ဇ z |
/ʃ/ ရှ hy | /h/ ဟ h | |||
Approximant/Lateral | (/ɹ/ *ရ r) | /j/ ယ y | (/w̥/ ဝှ hw) /w/ ဝ w |
||||
/l̥/ လှ hl /l/ လ l |
Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | Placeless | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | /m̥w/ မွှ hmw /mw/ မွ mw /m̥j/ မျှ hmy /mj/ မျ my |
/n̥w/ နွှ hnw /nw/ နွ nw |
/ɲ̊w/ ညွှ hnyw /ɲw/ ညွ nyw |
/ŋ̊w/ ငွှ hngw /ŋw/ ငွ ngw |
|||
Stop/Affricate | /pw/ ပွ pw /pʰw/ ဖွ hpw /bw/ ဗွ bw /pj/ ပျ py /pʰj/ ဖျ hpy /bj/ ဗျ by |
/tw/ တွ tw /tʰw/ ထွ htw /dw/ ဒွ dw |
/t͡ɕw/ ကျွ cw /t͡ɕʰw/ ချွ hcw /d͡ʑw/ ဂျွ jw |
/kw/ ကွ kw /kʰw/ ခွ hkw /ɡw/ ဂွ gw |
|||
Fricative | /θw/ သွ thw | /sw/ စွ sw /sʰw/ ဆွ hsw /zw/ ဇွ zw |
/ʃw/ ရွှ hyw | /hw/ ဟွ hw | |||
Approximant/Lateral | /jw/ ယွ yw | ||||||
/l̥w/ လွှ hlw /lw/ လွ lw /l̥j/ *လျှ hly /lj/ *လျ ly |
Finals with tones
မႄးထတ်းUsing အ as base letter.
Vowel | Non-nasalised | Nasalised | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low tone | High tone | Creaky tone | Checked tone | Low tone | High tone | Creaky tone | |
/i/ | /ì/ အီ i | /í/ အီး i\ | /ḭ/ အိ i/ | /ɪʔ/ အစ် i? | /ɪ̀ɴ/ အင် i~ | /ɪ́ɴ/ အင်း i\~ | /ɪ̰ɴ/ အင့် i/~ |
/e/ | /è/ အေ ei | /é/ အေး ei\ | /ḛ/ အေ့ ei/ | /eɪʔ/ အိတ် ei? | /èɪɴ/ အိန် ei~ | /éɪɴ/ အိန်း ei\~ | /ḛɪɴ/ အိန့် ei/~ |
/ɛ/ | /ɛ̀/ အယ် e | /ɛ́/ အဲ e\ | /ɛ̰/ အယ့် e/ | /ɛʔ/ အက် e? | /àɪɴ/ အိုင် ai~ | /áɪɴ/ အိုင်း ai\~ | /a̰ɪɴ/ အိုင့် ai/~ |
/aɪʔ/ အိုက် ai? | |||||||
/a/ | /à/ အာ a | /á/ အား a\ | /a̰/ အ a/ | /aʔ/ အတ် a? | /àɴ/ အန် a~ | /áɴ/ အန်း a\~ | /a̰ɴ/ အန့် a/~ |
/ɔ/ | /ɔ̀/ အော် o | /ɔ́/ အော o\ | /ɔ̰/ အော့ o/ | /aʊʔ/ အောက် au? | /àʊɴ/ အောင် au~ | /áʊɴ/ အောင်း au\~ | /a̰ʊɴ/ အောင့် au/~ |
/o/ | /ò/ အို ou | /ó/ အိုး ou\ | /o̰/ အို့ ou/ | /oʊʔ/ အုပ် ou? | /òʊɴ/ အုန် ou~ | /óʊɴ/ အုန်း ou\~ | /o̰ʊɴ/ အုန့် ou/~ |
/u/ | /ù/ အူ u | /ú/ အူး u\ | /ṵ/ အု u/ | /ʊʔ/ အွတ် u? | /ʊ̀ɴ/ အွန် u~ | /ʊ́ɴ/ အွန်း u\~ | /ʊ̰ɴ/ အွန့် u/~ |
/ə/ | /ə/ အ' a' | — |
The combinations listed in Wiktionary:Burmese transliteration#ကွတ်, ဝတ်, etc. (i.e. ွ or ဝ followed by တ်, န်, ပ်, မ် or ံ) will be interpreted intelligently by the module. If the unchanged pronunciation is desired, a slash /
can be placed between the initial and final (e.g. ကွ/တ်
).
Examples
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA|ခ'လုတ်}}
- Phonetic respelling: ခ'လုတ်
- IPA(key): /kʰəloʊʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: hka.lut • ALA-LC: khalut‘ • BGN/PCGN: hkălok • Okell: hkălouʔ
{{my-IPA|စာ'ရေး}}
- Phonetic respelling: စာ'ရေး
- IPA(key): /səjé/
- Romanization: MLCTS: care: • ALA-LC: cāre″ • BGN/PCGN: săye: • Okell: săyeì
{{my-IPA|ငါး'ဥ}}
- Phonetic respelling: ငါး'ဥ
- IPA(key): /ŋəʔṵ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: nga:u. • ALA-LC: ṅā″u • BGN/PCGN: ngău. • Okell: ngăú
{{my-IPA|သူ'ငယ်}}
- Phonetic respelling: သူ'ငယ်
- IPA(key): /θəŋɛ̀/
- Romanization: MLCTS: su-ngai • ALA-LC: sūṅay‘ • BGN/PCGN: thăngè • Okell: thănge
အက်ယန် (ak-yan)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /ʔɛʔjàɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: ak-yan • ALA-LC: ’ak‘yan‘ • BGN/PCGN: etyan • Okell: eʔyañ
အာကျန် (a-kyan)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /ʔàt͡ɕàɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: a-kyan • ALA-LC: ’ākyan‘ • BGN/PCGN: a-kyan • Okell: acañ
ကတ်ဝက် (kat-wak)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /kaʔwɛʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: kat-wak • ALA-LC: kat‘vak‘ • BGN/PCGN: kat-wet • Okell: kaʔweʔ
ကာတွက် (ka-twak)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /kàtwɛʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: ka-twak • ALA-LC: kātvak‘ • BGN/PCGN: ka-twet • Okell: katweʔ
တန်ဂါ (tan-ga)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /tàɴɡà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: tan-ga • ALA-LC: tan‘gā • BGN/PCGN: tan-ga • Okell: tañga
တာငါ (ta-nga)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /tàŋà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: ta-nga • ALA-LC: tāṅā • BGN/PCGN: ta-nga • Okell: tanga
{{my-IPA|ဆီ+ပုံး}}
- Phonetic respelling: ဆီဗုံး
- IPA(key): /sʰìbóʊɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: hcipum: • ALA-LC: chīpuṃ″ • BGN/PCGN: hsibon: • Okell: hsipoùñ
{{my-IPA|အုန်း+ဆီ}}
- Phonetic respelling: အုန်းဇီ
- IPA(key): /ʔóʊɴzì/
- Romanization: MLCTS: un:hci • ALA-LC: ’un‘″chī • BGN/PCGN: on:zi • Okell: oùñhsi
{{my-IPA|အ'ညာ+သား}}
- Phonetic respelling: အ'ညာ+သား
- IPA(key): /ʔəɲàðá/
- Romanization: MLCTS: a.nyasa: • ALA-LC: ’aññāsā″ • BGN/PCGN: ănyadha: • Okell: ănyathà
{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /nɛʔpʰjàɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: nakhpran • ALA-LC: nak‘phran‘ • BGN/PCGN: nethpyan • Okell: neʔhpyañ
ဖြည်းဖြည်း (hprany:hprany:)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA|ဖြည်2း+ဖြည်2း}}
- Phonetic respelling: ဖြည်2းဗြည်2း
- IPA(key): /pʰjébjé/
- Romanization: MLCTS: hprany:hprany: • ALA-LC: phraññ‘″phraññ‘″ • BGN/PCGN: hpye:bye: • Okell: hpyeìhpyeì
{{my-IPA|အ'မီး}}
- Phonetic respelling: အ'မီး
- IPA(key): /ʔəmí/
- Romanization: MLCTS: a.mri: • ALA-LC: ’amrī″ • BGN/PCGN: ămi: • Okell: ămì
{{my-IPA|ခြေ+ထောက်}}
- Phonetic respelling: ခြေဒေါက်
- IPA(key): /t͡ɕʰèdaʊʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: hkrehtauk • ALA-LC: khrethok‘ • BGN/PCGN: chedauk • Okell: hceihtauʔ
{{my-IPA|အ'ခွံ}}
- Phonetic respelling: အ'ခွံ
- IPA(key): /ʔəkʰʊ̀ɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: a.hkwam • ALA-LC: ’akhvaṃ • BGN/PCGN: ăhkun • Okell: ăhkuñ
လျှို့ဝှက် (hlyui.hwak)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /ʃo̰ʍɛʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: hlyui.hwak • ALA-LC: lyhui′vhak‘ • BGN/PCGN: sho.hwet • Okell: hyoúhweʔ
{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /mjɛʔsḭ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: myakci. • ALA-LC: myak‘ci • BGN/PCGN: myetsi. • Okell: myeʔsí
{{my-IPA|+က'+စား}}
- Phonetic respelling: ဂ'ဇား
- IPA(key): /ɡəzá/
- Romanization: MLCTS: ka.ca: • ALA-LC: kacā″ • BGN/PCGN: găza: • Okell: kăsà
{{my-IPA|+က'+ပျာ+က'ယာ}}
- Phonetic respelling: ဂ'ဗျာဂ'ယာ
- IPA(key): /ɡəbjàɡəjà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: ka.pyaka.ya • ALA-LC: kapyākayā • BGN/PCGN: găbyagăya • Okell: kăpyakăya
{{my-IPA|ဆန်+ပြုတ်}}
- Phonetic respelling: ဆန်ဗြုတ်
- IPA(key): /sʰàɴbjoʊʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: hcanprut • ALA-LC: chan‘prut‘ • BGN/PCGN: hsanbyok • Okell: hsañpyouʔ
စာကြည့်တိုက် (ca-krany.tuik)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA|စာကြည့်+တိုက်}}
- Phonetic respelling: စာကြည့်ဒိုက်
- IPA(key): /sàt͡ɕḭdaɪʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: ca-krany.tuik • ALA-LC: cākraññ‘′tuik‘ • BGN/PCGN: sa-kyi.daik • Okell: sacítaiʔ
{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /dútʰaʊʔ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: du:htauk • ALA-LC: dū″thok‘ • BGN/PCGN: du:htauk • Okell: dùhtauʔ
{{my-IPA|မင်္ဂ'လာ+ပါ}}
- Phonetic respelling: မင်ဂ'လာဗာ
- IPA(key): /mɪ̀ɴɡəlàbà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: mangga.lapa • ALA-LC: maṅ‘galāpā • BGN/PCGN: min-gălaba • Okell: miñgălapa
{{my-IPA|-ဘ+ခင်}}
- Phonetic respelling: ဖဂင်
- IPA(key): /pʰa̰ɡɪ̀ɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: bha.hkang • ALA-LC: bhakhaṅ‘ • BGN/PCGN: hpa.gin • Okell: hpáhkiñ
{{my-IPA|ပ'*ရိဘောဂ}}
- Phonetic respelling: ပ'*ရိဘောဂ
- IPA(key): /pəɹḭbɔ́ɡa̰/
- Romanization: MLCTS: pa.ri.bhau:ga. • ALA-LC: paribhoga • BGN/PCGN: pări.baw:ga. • Okell: păríbògá
{{my-IPA|*လျှင်}}
- Phonetic respelling: *လျှင်
- IPA(key): /l̥jɪ̀ɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: hlyang • ALA-LC: lyhaṅ‘ • BGN/PCGN: hlyin • Okell: hlyiñ
{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /kʊ̀ɴpjùtà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: kwanpyuta • ALA-LC: kvan‘pyūtā • BGN/PCGN: kunpyuta • Okell: kuñpyuta
{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(key): /wɛʔwʊ̀ɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: wak-wam • ALA-LC: vak‘vaṃ • BGN/PCGN: wet-wun • Okell: weʔwuñ
{{my-IPA|pa'ri/bo\ga/}}
- Phonetic respelling: ပ'*ရိဗောဂ
- IPA(key): /pəɹḭbɔ́ɡa̰/
- Romanization: MLCTS: pa.ri.bhau:ga. • ALA-LC: paribhoga • BGN/PCGN: pări.baw:ga. • Okell: păríbògá
{{my-IPA|mi~ga'la+pa}}
- Phonetic respelling: မင်ဂ'လာဗာ
- IPA(key): /mɪ̀ɴɡəlàbà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: mangga.lapa • ALA-LC: maṅ‘galāpā • BGN/PCGN: min-gălaba • Okell: miñgălapa
{{my-IPA|+ka'+pya+ka'ya}}
- Phonetic respelling: ဂ'ဗျာဂ'ယာ
- IPA(key): /ɡəbjàɡəjà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: ka.pyaka.ya • ALA-LC: kapyākayā • BGN/PCGN: găbyagăya • Okell: kăpyakăya
{{my-IPA|ne?hpya~}}
- Phonetic respelling: နက်ဖျန်
- IPA(key): /nɛʔpʰjàɴ/
- Romanization: MLCTS: nakhpran • ALA-LC: nak‘phran‘ • BGN/PCGN: nethpyan • Okell: neʔhpyañ
{{my-IPA|မြန်မာ|မြန်'မာ}}
- Phonetic respellings: မြန်မာ, မြန်'မာ
- IPA(key): /mjàɴmà/, /mjəmà/
- Romanization: MLCTS: mranma • ALA-LC: mran‘mā • BGN/PCGN: myanma/myăma • Okell: myañma/myăma
ကြိုဆိုပါ၏ (kruihcuipae)
မႄးထတ်း{{my-IPA|ကြို+ဆို +ပါ ၏}}
- Phonetic respelling: ကြိုဇိုဗာ၏
- IPA(key): /t͡ɕòzò bà ʔɛ̰/
- Romanization: MLCTS: kruihcui pa e • ALA-LC: kruichui pā e* • BGN/PCGN: kyozo ba è. • Okell: couhsou pa é